--- title: Cirilica date: 2025-04-29 description: keywords: cirilica, slovanska pisava --- # Cirilica Kjer so za določen jezik navedene dve izgovorni vrednosti ([...], [...]), je prva za veliko črko, druga pa za malo; če je le ena vrednost, velja za obe. Za glasovno vrednostjo je navedeno še (trenutno) uradno prečrkovanje jezika v latinico. Ponekod je oznaka *st.*, ki pomeni *starinsko* (*arhaično*), torej označuje črke, ki so v določenih jezikih pojmovane kot starinske in so običajno iz-/opuščene. | glagol. | cir. | št. | splošno | ruska | belorusko | ukrajinska | mongolska | srbska | makedonska | bolg. | | --------- | ----- | ----- | ------------------------- | ----------------------------- |---------- | --------------------- | --------------------- | ------------- | ------------- | ---- | | Ⰰ ⰰ | А а | 1 | /a ɑ æ/; A a | [a ə ʌ]; A a | [a] | [a ɐ]; A a | [a]; A a | [a]; A a | [a]; A a | A a | | Ⰱ ⰱ | Б б | | /b β/; B b | [b bʲ]; B b | [b] | [b]; B b | [b]; B b | [b]; B b | [b]; B b | B b | | Ⰲ ⰲ | В в | 2 | /v ʋ~w/; V v | [v vʲ]; V v | [v] | [w ʋ u̯]; V v | [w̜ v f]; V v | [ʋ]; V v | [v]; V v | V v | | Ⰳ ⰳ | Г г | 3 | /ɡ ɣ ɦ/; G g (H h) | [ɡ ɡʲ]; G g | [ɣ] | [ɦ]; H h | [ɡ ɣ ɢ]; G g | [ɡ]; G g | [g]; G g | G g | | Ⰳ ⰳ | Ґ ґ | | /ɡ/; G g | | | [g]; G g | | | | | | Ⰴ ⰴ | Д д | 4 | /d ð/; D d | [d dʲ]; D d | [d] | [d]; D d | [d]; D d | [d]; D d | [d]; D d | D d | | Ⰳ ⰳ | Ѓ ѓ | | /ɟ~dʑ/; Gj gj | | | | | | [ɟ]; Gj gj | | | Ⰼ ⰼ | Ђ ђ | | /d͡ʑ/; Đ đ | | | | | [d͡ʑ]; Đ đ | | | | Ⰵ ⰵ | Е е | | /je e ʲe ɤ ɛ ja aj ɛː ie/ | [je ʲe e], [je e ɛ ɪ]; E e, ye| [jɛ ʲɛ] | [ɛ e]; E e | [jɵ], [ji je]; yö (E e) | [e]; E e | [e ɛ]; E e | E e | | Ⰵ ⰵ | Є є | 5 | /je/ | | | [jɛ je ʲɛ ʲe]; Ye ie | | | | | | Ⰵ ⰵ | Ё ё | | /jɵ jɔ jo jɒ ʲo/ | [jo ʲo], [ɵ]; Ë ë, yë | [jɔ ʲɔ] | | [jɔ]; yo (ë) | | | | | Ⰶ ⰶ | Ж ж | | /ʐ ʒ/; Zh zh, Ž ž | [ʐ]; Zh zh | [ʐ] | [ʒ]; Zh zh | [d͡ʒ]; J j (Ž ž, Zh) | [ʐ ʒ]; Ž ž | [ʒ]; Zh zh | Zh zh | | Ⰷ ⰷ | Ѕ ѕ | 6 | /dz/; Dz dz | *st.* [z] | | | | | [dz]; Dz dz | | | Ⰸ ⰸ | З з | 7 | /z z~ʒ/; Z z | [z zʲ]; Z z | [z] | [z]; Z z | [d͡z]; Dz dz (Z z) | [z]; Z z | [z]; z z | Z z | | Ⰻ ⰻ | И и | 8 | /i ɪ ʲi i~ɨ/; I i | [i ʲi ɨ], [i ɪ ɨ]; I i | | [ɪ e]; Y y | [i]; I i | [i]; I i | [i]; I i | I i | | Ⰺ ⰺ, Ⰹ ⰹ | I і | 10 | /i/; I i | *st.* [i]; Ī ī | [i ʲi ji] | [i], [ʲi i] ; I i | | | | | | Ⰺ ⰺ, Ⰹ ⰹ | Ї ї | | /ji/ | | | [ji]; Yi i | | | | | | | Й й | | /j/; Y y, J j | [j]; Y y, Ĭ ĭ | [j] | [j i̯]; Y i | [i̯]; Y y (J j, I i, ĭ) | | | Y y | | | Ј ј | | /j/; J j | | | | | [j]; J j | [j]; J j | | | Ⰽ ⰽ | К к | 20 | /k kʼ/; K k | [k kʲ]; K k | [k] | [k]; K k | *tuj.* [k x]; K k | [k]; K k | [k]; K k | K k | | Ⰾ ⰾ | Л л | 30 | /l l~ɫ l~ɮ/; L l | [ɫ lʲ]; L l | [l] | [ɫ]; L l | [ɮ]; L l | [l]; L l | [l]; L l | L l | | Ⰾ ⰾ | Љ љ | | /ʎ/; Lj lj | | | | | [ʎ]; Lj lj | [lj]; Lj lj | | | Ⰿ ⰿ | М м | 40 | /m/; M m | [m mʲ]; M m | [m] | [m]; M m | [m]; M m | [m]; M m | [m]; M m | M m | | Ⱀ ⱀ | Н н | 50 | /n/; N n | [n nʲ]; N n | [n] | [n]; N n | [n ŋ]; N n | [n]; N n | [n]; N n | N n | | Ⱀ ⱀ | Њ њ | | /ɲ/; Nj nj | | | | | [ɲ]; Nj nj | [ɲ]; Nj nj | | | Ⱁ ⱁ | О о | 70 | /o ɔ/; O o | [o]; O o | [ɔ] | [ɔ]; O o | [ɔ]; O o | [ɔ̝ o]; O o | [ɔ̝]; O o | O o | | | Ө | | /ŏ/; Ö ö | | | | [ɵ o]; Ö ö (ô) | | | | | Ⱂ ⱂ | П п | 80 | /p pʼ/; P p | [p pʲ]; P p | [p] | [p]; P p | *tuj.* [p]; P p | [p]; P p | [p]; P p | P p | | Ⱃ ⱃ | Р р | 100 | /r r~ɾ/; R r | [r rʲ]; R r | [r] | [r]; R r | [r]; R r | [r]; R r | [r]; R r | R r | | Ⱄ ⱄ | С с | 200 | /s s~ʃ/; S s | [s sʲ]; S s | [s] | [s]; S s | [s]; S s | [s]; S s | [s]; S s | S s | | Ⱅ ⱅ | Т т | 300 | /t tʼ/; T t | [t tʲ]; T t | [t] | [t]; T t | [t]; T t | [t]; T t | [t]; T t | T t | | | Ќ ќ | | /c~tɕ/ | | | | | | [c]; Kj kj | | | Ⰼ ⰼ | Ћ ћ | | | | | | | [t͡ɕ]; Ć ć | | | | Ⱆ ⱆ | У у | (400) | /u w/ [u]; U u | [u], [u ʊ]; U u | [u] | [u ʊ]; U u | [ʊ]; U u | [u]; U u | [u]; U u | U u | | | Ў ў | | /w/ | | [w] | | | | | | | | Ү | | | | | | [u]; Ü ü | | | F f | | Ⱇ ⱇ | Ф ф | 500 | /f/; F f | [f fʲ]; F f | [f] | [f]; F f | *tuj.* [f pʰ]; F f | [f]; F f | [f]; F f | | | Ⱈ ⱈ | Х х | 600 | /x h χ/; Kh kh, H h | [x xʲ]; Kh kh | [x] | [x]; Kh kh | [x]; H h (kh kh) | [x h]; H h | [x]; H h | H h | | Ⱌ ⱌ | Ц ц | 900 | /ts/; Ts ts, C c | [t͡s]; Ts ts | [t͡s] | [t͡s]; Ts ts | [t͡s]; Ts ts (C c) | [t͡s]; C c | [t͡s]; C c | Ts ts | | Ⱍ ⱍ | Ч ч | 90 | /tʃ tɕ ʈʂ tʃʰ/; Ch ch, Č č| [t͡ɕ]; Ch, ch | [t͡ʂ] | [t͡ʃ]; Ch ch | [t͡ʃ]; Ch ch (Č č) | [t͡ʂ]; Č č | [t͡ʃ]; Ch ch | Ch ch | | Ⱍ ⱍ | Џ џ | | /dʒ ɖ͡ʐ/; Dž dž, Dj dj | | [ʂ] | | | [d͡ʐ d͡ʒ]; Dž dž | [d͡ʒ]; Dj dj | | | Ⱎ ⱎ | Ш ш | | /ʃ ʂ ʃ~ʂ/; Sh sh, Š š | [ʂ]; Sh sh | | [ʃ]; Sh sh | [ʃ]; Sh sh (Š š) | [ʂ ʃ]; Š š | [ʃ]; Sh sh | Sh sh | | Ⱎ ⱎ | Щ щ | | /ʃtʃ ʃ ɕ ʃɕ ɕtɕ/; Shch shch| [ɕː ɕʨ], [ɕɕ]; Shch, shch | | [ʃt͡ʃ]; Shch shch | *tuj.* [ʃ]; Schch shch (ŝ, Sh sh) | | | Sht sht | | Ⱏ ⱏ | Ъ ъ | | *trdi znak* /ʲ ʔ ˤ/ [ʔ]; ", '| *trdi znak*; ” | | | [∅]; ’ (ʺ, I i, ı) | | | A a | | ⰟⰊ, ⰟⰋ | Ы ы | | /ɯ ə ɨ ɤ i ʉ ɪ ɨə/; Y y | [ɨ]; Y y | [ɨ] | | [i]; ϊ (Y y) | | | | | Ⱐ ⱐ | Ь ь | | *mehki znak* /ʲ ʔ/; ' | *mehki znak* [ʲ]; ’ | [ʲ] | [ʲ] | [ĭ ʲ]; ĭ (I i) | | | Y y | | Ⱑ ⱑ | Ѣ ѣ | | | *st.* [e] | | | | | | | | | Э э | | /e ɛ æ ʔ/; E e | [ɛ]; E e, Ė ė | [ɛ] | | [e i]; E e (È è, Ê ê) | | | | | Ⱓ ⱓ | Ю ю | | /ju jʉw jʊw jy y jʊ iɤu/; Yu yu, Iu iu| [ju], [ju u ʊ ʉ]; Yu, yu| [ju ʲu]| [ju jʊ ʲu ʲʊ]; Yu iu| [jʊ ju]; yu / yü (Û û, Iu iu)| | | Yu yu | | | Я я | | /ja jɑ æ jæ ia, iɑ/; Ya ya, ia| [ja], [jæ jɪ æ a ɪ]; Ya ya| [ja ʲa] | [ja jɐ ʲa ʲɐ]; Ya ia | [ja]; Ya ya (Â â, Ia ia)| | | Ya ya | | | Ѳ ѳ | 9 | | *st.* [f]; Ḟ ḟ | | | | | | | | Ⱛ ⱛ | Ѵ ѵ | 400 | | *st.* [i]; Ẏ ẏ | | | | | | | | | ʼ | | | | - | - | | | | | | | Ѥ ѥ | | | | | | | | | | | | Ꙋ ꙋ | | | | | | | | | | | | Ѯ ѯ | 60 | | *st.* [ks] | | | | | | | | | Ѱ ѱ | 700 | | *st.* [ps] | | | | | | | | Ⱉ ⱉ | Ѡ ѡ | | | | | | | | | | | Ⱉ ⱉ | Ѿ ѿ | | | | | | | | | | | Ⱘ ⱘ | Ѫ ѫ | | | *st.* [ju u] | | | | | | | | Ⱔ ⱔ | Ѧ ѧ | (900) | | *st.* [ja] | | | | | | | | Ⱙ ⱙ | Ѭ ѭ | | | *st.* [ju] | | | | | | | | Ⱗ ⱗ | Ѩ ѩ | | | *st..* [ja] | | | | | | |
## Ruska cirilica | sklop | rusko prečrkovanje| | --------------------- | --- | | й - {а, у, ы, э} | у· | | ы - {а, у, ы, э} | у· | | {*sam.*} - ы | ·у | | {*sog. razen* й} - э | ·е | | TC | t·s | | шч | sh·ch | ## Ukrajinska cirilica | sklop | prečrkovanje | | ----- | ------------- | | ЗГ | zgh | ## Mongolska cirilica - *б* se pojavi na začetku besede ali za *л*, *м*, *б*.: - *в* se pojavlja sredi besede in na začetku besede v tujkah; - *й* se pojavlja le kot drugi del dvoglasnikov; - *к*, *п*, *ф* in *щ* se pojavljajo le v tujkah; - *ы* se pojavlja le v priponah besed, ki vsebujejo samoglasnike *a*, *o* ali *у*; - *ю* se v enozložnih besedah prečrkuje v *yu* ali *yü* glede na izgovorjavo; v večzložnih besedah se prečrkuje v *yu* ko mu sledi *a*, *o* ali *u*, vendar v *yü*, ko mu sledi *i*, *e*, *ö* ali *ü*; --- ## Zunanji viri in povezave - [r12a - Cyrillic orthographies](https://r12a.github.io/scripts/cyrl/); - [Unicode - Cyrillic](https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0400.pdf); - [Russian Romanization Table (2012 version)](https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/romanization/russian.pdf); - [gov.uk - Russian Romanization (April 2019)](https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/romanisation-systems/russian-romanization-april-2019); - [gov.uk - Romanization of Ukrainian (BGN/PCGN 2019 Agreement - Checked for validity and accuracy – February 2022](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1057656/ROMANIZATION_UKRAINIAN_Feb22_75_.pdf); - [Romanization of Ukrainian (BGN/PCGN 2019 Agreement)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1057656/ROMANIZATION_UKRAINIAN_Feb22_75_.pdf); - [Romanization of Mongolian Cyrillic (BGN/PCGN 1964 System; Checked for validity and accuracy - June 2019)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/816781/ROMANIZATION_OF_MONGOLIAN.pdf); - [Serbian Romanization Table (2013 version)](https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/romanization/serbian.pdf); Drugo: - [Omniglot - Writing - Cyrillic script](https://www.omniglot.com/writing/cyrillic.htm); - [Omniglot - Writing - Serbian](https://www.omniglot.com/writing/serbian.htm); - [Wikipedia - Cyrillic script](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_script); - [Wikipedia - List of Cyrillic letters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Cyrillic_letters); - [Wikipedia - Cyrillic alphabets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic_alphabets); - [Wikipedia - Early Cyrillic alphabet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_Cyrillic_alphabet); - [Wikipedia - Scientific transliteration of Cyrillic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_transliteration_of_Cyrillic); - [Wikipedia - Russian alphabet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_alphabet); - [Wikipedia - Romanization of Russian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian); - [Wikipedia - Belarusian alphabet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_alphabet); - [Wikipedia - Ukrainian Latin alphabet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_Latin_alphabet); - [Wikipedia - Romanization of Ukrainian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Ukrainian); - [Wikipedia - Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_Cyrillic_alphabet); - [Wikipedia - Bulgarian alphabet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_alphabet); - [Wikipedia - Romanization of Bulgarian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Bulgarian); - [Wikipedia - Romanization of Macedonian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Macedonian); - [ПРАВОПИС НА МАКЕДОНСКИОТ ЈАЗИК](https://www.pravopis.mk/sites/default/files/Pravopis-2017.PDF);